EV Charging stations with three-phase input, some require N wires to work, with 5 input wires; Some do not need to connect N wires, input 4 wires, depending on the product design of the charging station manufacturer;
The charging module of the charging station with three-phase input does not require an N-wire, which is determined by the PFC circuit of the charging module. So, why do some charging stations have to be connected to an N line to work?
The hardware of a three-phase input DC EV charging station can be simply understood as consisting of two main parts: the strong current part and the weak current part. The strong current part realizes the conversion from AC to DC, mainly through the charging module and related circuits, while the weak current part includes charging control, display, data communication, metering, insulation detection, and so on.
The operation of these circuits in the weak current section requires an "auxiliary power supply" for power supply. The devices inside these circuits may require 12V, 5V, 3.3V DC power, so they need to be converted into 12V auxiliary power supply through input AC power. The 12V auxiliary power supply is then converted into 5V, 3.3V through onboard power supply or three terminal voltage regulator devices.
The input AC power can be converted to 12V using single-phase 220V as input, which means taking one live wire and one N wire from the three live wires L1/L2/L3. Alternatively, two-phase 380V input can be used, directly taking two live wires from the three live wires L1/L2/L3, or even using an auxiliary power supply with three live wires input. Some charging stations must be connected to the N line because the input of the auxiliary power supply is single-phase 220V.
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